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Little is known about either the process of periplasmic protein folding or how information concerning the folding state in this compartment is communicated. We present evidence that SurA, a periplasmic protein with peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity, is involved in the maturation and assembly of LamB. LamB is a trimeric outer membrane porin for maltodextrins as well as the bacteriophage lambda receptor in Escherichia coli. We demonstrate that SurA is involved in the conversion of unfolded monomers into a newly identified intermediate in LamB assembly, which behaves as a folded monomer. The absence of SurA blocks the assembly pathway and leads to accumulation of species prior to the folded monomer. These species also accumulate when the stress sigma factor sigmaE is induced by LamB overexpression. We suggest that accumulation of species prior to the generation of folded monomer is a stress signal sensed by sigmaE.

SurA, a periplasmic protein with peptidyl-prolyl isomerase activity, participates in the assembly of outer membrane porins.