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The phylum Acidobacteria is currently represented mostly by environmental 16S rRNA gene sequences, and the phylum so far contains only four species with validly published names, Holophaga foetida, Geothrix fermentans, Acidobacterium capsulatum and Terriglobus roseus. In the present study, two novel strains of acidobacteria were isolated. High-throughput enrichments were set up with the MicroDrop technique using an alpine calcareous soil sample and a mixture of polymeric carbon compounds supplemented with signal compounds. This approach yielded a novel, previously unknown acidobacterium, strain Jbg-1T. The second strain, Wbg-1T, was recovered from a co-culture with a methanotrophic bacterium established from calcareous forest soil. Both strains represent members of subdivision 1 of the phylum Acidobacteria and are closely related to each other (98.0 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). At a sequence similarity of 93.8-94.7 %, strains Jbg-1T and Wbg-1T are only distantly related to the closest described relative, Terriglobus roseus KBS 63T, and accordingly are described as members of the novel genus Edaphobacter gen. nov. Based on the DNA-DNA relatedness between strains Jbg-1T and Wbg-1T of 11.5-13.6 % and their chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characteristics, the two strains are assigned to two separate species, Edaphobacter modestus sp. nov. (the type species), with strain Jbg-1T (=ATCC BAA-1329T =DSM 18101T) as the type strain, and Edaphobacter aggregans sp. nov., with strain Wbg-1T (=ATCC BAA-1497T =DSM 19364T) as the type strain. The two novel species are adapted to low carbon concentrations and to neutral to slightly acidic conditions.

Edaphobacter modestus gen. nov., sp. nov., and Edaphobacter aggregans sp. nov., acidobacteria isolated from alpine and forest soils