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A moderately halophilic, obligate alkaliphile (growth range pH 8-12), designated strain YN-1(T), was isolated from indigo balls obtained from Ibaraki, Japan. The cells of the isolate stained Gram-positive, and were aerobic, non-motile, sporulating rods which grew optimally at pH 9. The strain grew in 3-14% NaCl with optimum growth in 5% NaCl. It hydrolysed casein and Tweens 20, 40 and 60, but not gelatin, starch, DNA or pullulan. Its major isoprenoid quinone was MK-7 and its cellular fatty acid profile mainly consisted of anteiso-C(15:0), anteiso-C(17:0) and anteiso-C(17:1). 16S rRNA phylogeny suggested that strain YN-1(T) was a member of group 7 (alkaliphiles) of the genus Bacillus, with the closest relative being Bacillus clarkii DSM 8720(T) (similarity 99.5%). However, DNA-DNA hybridization showed a low DNA-DNA relatedness (7%) of strain YN-1(T) with B. clarkii DSM 8720(T). Owing to the significant differences in phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, and phylogenetic and DNA-DNA relatedness data, the isolate merits classification as a new species, for which the name Bacillus polygoni is proposed. The type strain of this species is YN-1(T) (=JCM 14604(T)=NCIMB 14282(T)).

Bacillus polygoni sp. nov., a moderately halophilic, non-motile obligate alkaliphile isolated from indigo balls