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A marine photosynthetic bacterium (strain SH1) was isolated after enrichment under phototrophic conditions in media containing dimethylsulphide (DMS) and bicarbonate (HCOi) as potential carbon sources. Analysis of culture medium using nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry showed that during phototrophic and chemotrophic growth of strain SH1 on DMSIHCO; dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) was produced from DMS. These results indicate that strain SH1 grew autotrophically with DMS serving as an electron donor in photosynthesis and respiration, but not as a carbon source. Biochemical characterization and 165 rRNA analysis indicated that the isolate was a strain of Rhodobacter sulfidophilus. An assay for the enzyme catalysing the oxidation of DMS (DMS :acceptor oxidoreductase) was developed by measuring electron transfer from DMS to 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP). This reaction was dependent on phenazine ethosulphate to mediate electron transfer from DMS :acceptor oxidoreductase to DCPIP. DMS :acceptor oxidoreductase was found to have a periplasmic location in strain SH1 as was a reduced methylviologen : DMSO oxidoreductase activity. Zymogram staining patterns of periplasmic fractions indicated that DMS : acceptor oxidoreductase and DMSO reductase were distinct enzymes. This was confirmed by resolution of the two activities by gel filtration. 3 Zeneca BioProducts, PO Box 2, Belasis Avenue, B i I I i ng ha m, Cleveland TS23 lYN, UK

microbiology

Isolation and characterization of a strain of Rhodobacter sulfidophilus: A bacterium which grows autotrophically with dimethylsulphide as electron donor