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The bacterial wall and cytoplasmic membrane have been implicated in the processes of DNA synthesis and cell division (Shapiro et al. 1970; Inouye & Pardee, 1970; Wu & Pardee, 1973). Much of the evidence for such a relationship comes from work on mutants defective in various stages of cell division. Wild-type Proteus mirabilis, when grown on many solid media, undergoes a cyclic inhibition of cell division as part of the phenomenon known as swarming (Smith, I 972). During this process non-septate, multinucleate, highly flagellate cells up to 80 pm long are produced. These move across the agar surface several millimetres away from the main colony, probably due to a negative chemotactic response, before dividing to give normal, sparsely flagellate, short rods. The process is repeated a few hours later until the agar surface is covered. To establish whether any alteration in the properties of the wall or the cytoplasmic membrane occurred during this cyclic process, some properties of long, swarming cells from agar, short cells from swarm-inhibiting solid media, and exponential broth-grown cells have been compared. The agar-grown short cells were growing under physically similar conditions to the swarmers, whereas the exponential broth-grown short cells may have been in a metabolically more similar condition to the rapidly growing swarm cells.

Indirect Evidence for Cell Wall and Membrane Differences between Filamentous Swarming Cells and Short Non-swarming Cells of Proteus mirabilis