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SUMMARY : Pour different antigenic types of coagulase were identified. Antisera were prepared in rabbits against three of these, and a specific antiserum against the fourth was found in a normal human. The coagulases of all but two of the human strains examined were inhibited by one or other of two of these antisera and in a few cases by both; in addition antibodies of the same type were present in the sera of the majority of a group of normal adults. The coagulases produced by thirty-five animal strains were inhibited by the other two antisera, but further work is needed on the coagulases found in animal strains. Several workers (Lominski & Roberts, 1946; Bekker, 1947; Tager & Hales, 1948 ; Rammelkamp, Hezebicks & Dingle, 1950) have described antibodies to staphylococcal coagulase in normal sera and plasma. By cross-neutralization tests with the sera of a group of 148 normal individuals against the coagulases of different staphylococcal strains, Rammelkamp et al. (1950) found that these coagulases fell into three different antigenic types. Many sera inhibited more than one of the three coagulases finally selected for intensive study, but there was usually a wide variation between the titres obtained in each serum, and some sera were almost specific for an individual coagulase. Immunization experiments in monkeys showed that two of the coagulases isolated were very nearly distinct antigenically, but the third type appeared to be related to the other two. The development of a simple and reliable method for the production of antibodies in rabbits against coagulase (Duthie & Lorenz, 1952) made it pos- sible to investigate these claims more thoroughly. The present paper reports this work, together with a limited survey of the antibodies to staphylo- coccal coagulase and a-toxin present in human sera from a small group of laboratory workers. METHODS Strains. For the isolation of good coagulase-producing colonies, strains were plated out on nutrient agar containing sterile fibrinogen and human plasma. Strains which did not show a zone of clotted fibrin around each colony were not suitable for study, although such strains might give a positive slide test with plasma. Suitable colonies were either grown immediately in the fluid medium or were stored as stab cultures in nutrient agar at 4". Preparation and assay of coagulase for antigenic typing. Cultures were made in 25 ml. conical flasks containing 2 ml. of digest broth supplemented by 0.3% bovine albumin (Armour). They were shaken on a tilted gramophone turntable at 37" until fully grown, when the supernatants were separated by centrifuging. For assay 0.1 ml. of falling dilutions of the supernatants,

Variation in the Antigenic Composition of Staphylococcal Coagulase