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SUMMARY: A psychrophilic species of the genus Pseudomonas was found to be capable of growth in a simple defined medium with any one of a number of carbon sources. The growth requirements were the same at 0" and 20". The organism vigor- ously oxidized glucose to gluconic and 2-ketogluconic acids. Rates of 0, uptake were measured over the range 0-40" and compared with similar measurements on P. aeruginosa. Under the experimental conditions values of QOp for the psychrophile were higher than those for P. aeruginosa at all temperatures, including those above 30' at which temperatures the psychrophilic organism does not grow. The values of Qo? and their temperature coefficients were dependent on conditions of cultivation. It is concluded that the systems involved in the oxidation of glucose and gluconic acid by the two organisms may not be greatly different in those physical properties which determine their temperature relations. Some types of bacteria which flourish under certain physical extremes, e.g. low water activities (the halophils) and high temperatures (the thermo- philes) have been moderately well studied. Very little information about the physiology of the low- temperature bacteria (the psychrophils) is available, however. It is the purpose of the present report to describe some experiments undertaken to determine some general properties of a typical psychrophil, to compare some of these properties with those of a closely related mesophilic species and to suggest ways in which it might be possible to study the special properties of the psychrophil which enable it to thrive at low temperatures, METHODS ikhdia. The following growth media were used: Medium 1. 'General use' medium (Stephenson, 1949). An inorganic salts medium of concentration 0.057~ and pH 6-9, carbon source added as indicated. Medium 2. ' Inorganic salts ' medium of the following composition : NaC1, 0.019~; KCl, 0.0114~; NaaS04, 0.0076~; FeSO,, 0*0001~. The final pH value was 7.0; carbon source added as indicated. Medium 3, Hartley's tryptic digest broth (TDB). Medium 4. 'Difco' Nutrient Broth (NB). (NH,)aS04, 0-005 M ; MgSO, , 0.005 M ; NaaHP04, 0.0126 M ; KHaPOg, 0-0066 M ;

journal of general microbiology

Some General Properties of a Psychrophilic Pseudomonad: the Effects of Temperature on some of these Properties and the Utilization of Glucose by this Organism and Pseudomonas aeruginosa