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SUMMARY : The formation of macrospores in normally mycelial strains of Tricho- phyton mentagrophytes and T. rubrum was induced by growing the cultures in a gas phase containing air + 12-24 % (v/v) CO, . When conidial transfers were made from strains which had thus been induced to form macrospores and were incubated in normal air, the subsequent growth was mycelial and downy. One strain of each fungus, normally conidial and granular, formed arthrospores under increased CO, . The bases for genus and species differentiation of the superficial dermato- phytes are shape and size of macroconidia and gross cultural characteristics (Emmons, 1934). Identification of these Fungi imperfecti is complicated by loss of the ability to form macroconidia and variation in cultural morphology; most of the dermatophytes exist in two morphological types, conidial and mycelial (Wilhelm, 1947). When these fungi are first isolated from lesions on to Sabouraud's glucose agar, they usually grow as the conidial, macroconidia- forming, type. Upon repeated transfer, however, they often lose the ability to sporulate and continue growth as the mycelial type. Reversion of the mycelial to the conidial form is very uncommon. Investigations in this laboratory have shown that non-sporulating strains of Trichophyton mentagrophytes and T. rubrum can be induced to form macroconidia, thus reverting to the conidial type, by incubation in a gas phase containing concentrations of carbon dioxide above that of normal air (c. 0.03%, v/v). METHODS Cuttures. The cultures employed in this study included 5 strains of Tricho- phyton mentagrophytes (408, My-874-55, A-538, X-15, X-lo) and 6 strains of T. rubrum (T-3, X-14, My-38-56, X-2, My-274-56, My-640-55). Of these, only strains X-10 and X-14 were the conidial type and formed typical macro- conidia and microconidia on Sabouraud's glucose agar when incubated in normal air; the other strains formed microconidia but no macronidia under these conditions. Strain 408 formed vegetative mycelium without differentiated structures. All cultures were maintained as stocks on slopes of Sabouraud's glucose agar (Difco). After inoculation, slope cultures were incubated at 30" for 1 week then sealed with tinfoil and wax stored at 5" until used. InocuEum. The inoculum was prepared by dispersing the growth from a stock slope with 10 ml. sterile water in a Waring blender for 1 min. One drop of this suspension was inoculated on to the centre of each of a series of

Growth of Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum in Increased Carbon Dioxide Tensions