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Seven mosquito-specific strains of Bacillus thuringiensis isolated in Japan were examined for their flagellar (H) antigenicities and the properties of parasporal inclusion proteins. They were assigned to six H serovars: serovar fukuokaensis (H 3ade); serovar canadensis (H 5ac); serovar darmstadiensis (H 10); serovar kyushuensis (H 11ac); serovar shandongiensis (H 22); and an undescribed serovar belonging to H serotype 20. Purified parasporal inclusions exhibited moderate mosquito larvicidal activities with LC50 values ranging from 1 microgram ml-1 to 10 micrograms ml-1. The inclusions of these strains consisted of highly heterogeneous multiple protein components, and five distinct patterns were evident in their SDS-PAGE profiles. Antibodies against kyushuensis inclusion proteins were reactive with all strains to varying degrees, while israelensis antibodies gave only relatively weak reactions with the seven strains. Similarity in antibody-binding profiles was associated with similarity in SDS-PAGE profiles. In a given strain, different antisera gave altered immunoblot profiles. Haemolytic activity was shown by solubilized parasporal inclusion proteins of five of the seven strains.

Diversity of Bacillus thuringiensis environmental isolates showing larvicidal activity specific for mosquitoes