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Summary: Lipids from the autotrophic thermophilic archaeobacterium Desulfwolobus ambivalens grown under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were analysed and compared with those of Sulfolobus solfataricus, a related micro-organism. The ether lipids of aerobically and anaerobically grown D. ambivalens, as well as those of S. solfataricus, had the same general features except for the degree of cyclization of the C40 isopranic chains. The quinone content of D. ambivalens was strongly affected by growth conditions. Aerobically grown cells contained caldariellaquinone, 6-(3,7,11,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosyl)-5-methylthiobenzo[b]thiophen-4,7-quinone (83% of the quinone pool), sulfolobusquinone, 6-(3,7,11,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosyl)-5-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-4,7-quinone (16%) and the tricyclic quinone benzo[1,2-b; 4,5-b']dithiophen-4,8-quinone (trace amounts). In anaerobically grown D. ambivalens sulfolobusquinone was the only quinone present.

Comparative Lipid Composition of Aerobically and Anaerobically Grown Desulfwolobus ambivalens, an Autotrophic Thermophilic Archaeobacterium