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SUMMARY: At an external pH of 3.0, spheroplasts of the acidophilic bacterium Thiobacillus acidophilus possessed a ΔpH of 2.9 units, a membrane potential of +86 mV, and a protonmotive force of -88 mV. The ultrastructure of the whole cells or spheroplasts showed no unusual features. At given concentrations, SCN- was more effective in collapsing ΔpH in spheroplasts than in whole cells, indicating a lower permeability barrier in the former. However the Δp values in spheroplasts were very similar to those in the whole cells, and respiratory chain inhibitors a protonophore, and an ATPase inhibitor, alone or in various combinations, were equally ineffective in collapsing ΔpH in whole cells and in spheroplasts. Thus, it is unlikely that the permeability barrier of the outer membrane accounted for the low values of measured Δp or the ineffectiveness of various agents in collapsing ΔpH in whole cells of this organism; this confirms our previous suggestion that a sizeable ΔpH in T. acidophilus can be maintained by non-chemiosmotic means.

The Protonmotive Force and the pH in Spheroplasts of an Acidophilic Bacterium (Thiobacillus acidophilus)