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SUMMARY Treatment of chick cells with reovirus resulted in the production of an inhibitor of virus replication which was characterized as an interferon. No infectious virus was released, nor could any virus-specific RNA synthesis be detected in cells receiving virus. The ability of reovirus to induce interferon formation in chick cells was less sensitive to irradiation with ultraviolet light than was its ability to produce in- fectious virus in L cells. These data suggest that the interferon was induced by the double-stranded RNA of the inoculum virus. Comparison of this system with that induced by a synthetic double-stranded polynucleotide showed that the latter was considerably less sensitive to the effects of metabolic inhibitors, suggesting that the two inducers do not stimulate interferon formation by the same mechanism. The effect of addition of two metabolic inhibitors simultaneously to cells previously treated with a synthetic polynucleotide suggests that their effect is not a direct one on the formation of an interferon messenger RNA and its translation.

Interferon Production by Double-stranded RNA: A Comparison of Induction by Reovirus to that by a Synthetic Double-stranded Polynucleotide