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Spiroplasma strain PLHS-lT from the gut of a common scorpion fly (Panorpa helena) collected in the West Virginia Allegheny Mountains was distinct from other spiroplasma species, groups, and subgroups as deter- mined by reciprocal serological metabolism inhibition and deformation tests. However, when this strain was used as an antigen, it cross-reacted extensively with representatives of other groups. Light microscopy and/or electron microscopy of cells of strain PLHS-lT revealed helical motile cells surrounded by a single cytoplasmic membrane. The strain was resistant to penicillin, which confirmed that it had no cell wall. The organism grew well in M1D and SP-4 liquid media, in 1% serum fraction medium, and in conventional horse serum medium. The optimum temperature for growth was 30°C, at which the doubling time was 6.4 h. Multiplication occurred at temperatures from 10 to 32°C. Strain PLHS-lT catabolized glucose, hydrolyzed arginine but not urea, and required sterol for growth. The guanine-plus-cytosine content of the DNA was 31 f 1 mol%, and the genome size was 1,465 kbp. Strain PLHS-1 (= ATCC 51752) is designated the type strain of a new species, Spiroplasma alleghenense.

Spiroplasma alleghenense sp. nov., a New Species from the Scorpion Fly Panorpa helena (Mecoptera: Panorpidae)