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This article is free to read on the publishers website\ud\udA thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacterium, Desulfacinum infernum, is described. This bacterium was isolated from produced formation water from a North Sea petroleum reservoir. In liquid culture, the cells are oval, 1.5 by 2.5 to 3 μm, nonmotile and gram negative. Spore formation has not been observed. Growth occurs at temperatures ranging from 40 to 65°C, with optimum growth occurring at 60°C, and at levels of salinity ranging from 0 to 50 g of NaCl per liter, with optimum growth occurring in the presence of 10 g of NaCl per liter. D. infernum grows on a range of organic acids, including formate, acetate, buryrate, and palmitate, and alcohols. D. infernum can grow autotrophically with H2. A vitamin supplement is required for growth. Sulfite and thiosulfate are used as electron acceptors. Sulfur and nitrate are not reduced. The DNA base composition is 64 mol% G+C. Phylogenetically, D. infernum clusters with members of the delta subdivision of the Proteobacteria. Its closest relatives are Syntrophobacter wolinii (level of similarity, 90.6%) and Desulfomonile tiedjei (level of similarity, 87.1%)

Desulfacinum infernum gen. nov., sp. nov., a Thermophilic Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium from a Petroleum Reservoir