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3-0-methylrhamnose was found in cell walls of Catellatospora ferruginea. This sugar was purified and identified by proton and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy, using the acetylation method. It is localized in the cell wall fraction and occurs at a constant ratio among the cell wall sugars when various carbon sources are used for growth. 3-0-methylrhamnose was found in nine strains of Catellatosporu species containing MK-10 as the major menaquinone, but not in nine strains containing MK-9. Among 22 type strains of genera related to Catellatospora (Actinoplanes, Amorphosphorangium, Ampullariella, Dactylosporangium, Micromonosporu, Glycomyces, and "Catenuloplanes"), 4 strains contained only trace quantities, and the remainder contained none. Thus, we propose that 3-0-methylrhamnose is a key sugar in the chemotaxonomy of the genes Catellatospora. Cell wall sugar composition is one of the important keys for chemotaxonomy of actinomycetes. We described previ- ously an unknown sugar which gave a brown color upon reaction with aniline phthalate on paper chromatograms of the hydrolysate of Catellatospora ferruginea 6257-CT (T = type strain) (2). The members of Catellatospora, a genus belonging to the Actinomycetales, form chains of nonmotile spores from their vegetative hyphae on the surfaces of agar media, lack true aerial mycelia, and have type I1 cell wall amino acids (13) (meso- and 3-hydroxy diaminopimelic acid and glycine), a glycolyl type of cell wall sugar (25), a pattern D whole-cell sugar (xylose and arabinose) (14), and a type PI1 phospho- lipid pattern (phosphatidylethanolamine) (2, 15). In this paper, we describe the isolation and purification of an unknown sugar from cell walls of Catellatospora ferrugi- significance of this sugar in the genus Catellatospora is discussed.

3-O-Methylrhamnose: Identification and Distribution in Catellatospora Species and Related Actinomycetes