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Optical determination of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) -DNA reassociation ki- netics was applied to the classification of 32 selected strains of hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria belonging to the genera Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes, and Paracoccus. The renaturation studies revealed a high intraspecies DNA homology for some strains of the species Pseudomonas palleronii, Pseudomonas pseudoflava, and Alcaligenes paradoxus, supporting former taxonomic concepts of different au- thors. The 12 denitrifying strains belonging to the genus Paracoccus were shown to be interrelated at various levels of percent degree of binding, and at least two clusters of very high genome-DNA relatedness have been found. DNA-DNA reassociation kinetics were also used for the calculation of the average molecular weight of genome DNA. The genome molecular weight of the hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria investigated in this study ranged from 3 X lo9 to 5 x log. Defined as a physiological group, the "hydro- gen bacteria" are aerobic chemolithotrophs that can use the oxidation of molecular hydrogen as an energy source. To accommodate these orga- nisms, the genus Hydrogenomonas was pro- posed by Orla-Jensen in 1909. Davis et d. (5) rejected the genus Hydrogenomonas and pro- posed the assignment of all gram-negative strains of hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria to Pseu- domonas, Alcaligenes, or Paracoccus. By this and later investigations of gram-negative, PO- larly flagellated, hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria and related strains (1,2,5,6), the following nine hydrogen-oxidizing species of the genera Pseu- domonas, Alcaligenes, and Paracoccus were es- tablished: Pseudomonas facilis, P. flava, P. pseudojlava, P. palleronii, P. saccharophila, Alcaligenes eutrophus, A. paradoxus, A. ruhl- andii, and Paracoccus denitrificans. Serological methods have been used to show relatedness between strains of these species (2, 8). In spite of the intensive application of nucleic acid hy- bridization techniques for the classification of the pseudomonads (14, 16, 17), only very few deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) -DNA reassocia- tions have been reported for hydrogen-oxidizing strains of the genera Pseudomonas and Al5ali- genes (2, 18).

Deoxyribonucleic Acid Relationships Among Hydrogen-Oxidizing Strains of the Genera Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes, and Paracoccus