XXIX. An experimental examination of the electric and chemical theories of galvanism

1. The continental philosophers still continue to adopt the electric theory of galvanism proposed by Volta, whilst those in Britain as uniformly follow some modification of the chemical theory proposed by Dr. Wollaston. From this diversity of opinion we may safely conclude, that the experimental proofs for the truth of either theory are not sufficiently powerful, to command the assent of all capable of appreciating the weight of such evidence. I have therefore ventured to lay before the Society the following experiments and observations; as they appear to me to establish the truth of some modification of the chemical theory, and to demonstrate the fallacy of the principles on which the electric theory rests. 2. The fundamental principle assumed by Volta, and supported by his followers, is, that if dissimilar metals be brought into contact they are instantly thrown into opposite electric states. This he conceives to be a new law of nature, and claims to himself the honour of the discovery. He conceives that its truth is proved by the following experiment.