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We examine here the classical dynamics of cold atoms in square opticallattices, i.e. lattices obtained with two orthogonal stationary plane waves.Contrary to much of the past studies in this domain, the potential is here timeindependent and non dissipative. We show that, as a function of theexperimental parameters, very different behaviors are obtained, both for thedynamics of atoms trapped inside individual sites, and for atoms travellingbetween sites: inside the sites, chaos may be a main regime or, on thecontrary, may be negligible; outside the sites, chaos sometimes coexists withother regimes. We discuss what are the consequences of these differences on themacroscopic behavior of the atoms in the lattice, and we propose experimentalmeasurements able to characterize these dynamics and to distinguish between thedifferent cases.

philosophical transactions - royal society. mathematical, physical and engineering sciences/philosophical transactions - royal society. mathematical, physical and engineering sciences

How to characterize the dynamics of cold atoms in non dissipative optical lattices?