I. Observations on variations of the electromotive force between metals at high temperatures in fused salts

Reversals of the electromotive force between platinum and other metals in fused salts appear to have been noticed by Andrews about the year 1837, and in 1858 Hankel made some observations in this direction (Hankel, “Poggendorff’s Annalen,” 103, p. 612, 1858). Dr. Gladstone and Mr. Tribe (“Phil. Mag.,” 1881) also found that a strip of silver plunged in molten AgI or AgCl, gives rise to a growth of silver crystals; the cause of this separation is the dissimilar temperature of different portions of the strip which produces thermocurrents.