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1. It has long been known that when a globule or layer of pure and clear mercury is placed upon a smooth non-metallic surface, a watch-glass for example, and covered to a small depth with a watery electrolyte, sulphuric acid in particular, and two terminal platinum wires from a voltaic battery are dipped into the electrolyte, one on each side of the globule, the mercury makes a movement towards the negative wire, and a rapid andcontinuous stream of the supernatant liquid flows from the negative to the positive electrode over the surface of the mercury, and back again by the sides of the containing vessel. Also that when a small drop of a watery electrolyte, especially sulphuric acid, is placed upon the surface of pure and dry mercury, the latter connected with the negative pole of a battery, and a platinum wire from the other pole momentarily immersed in the electrolyte, the drop of liquid issuddenly rebelled and spreads over the surface of the mercury. 2. These phenomena have been examined by Herschel, Erman, H. Davy, Runge, Pfaff, and others, and some of the results have been recorded in the 1st volume of ‘Gmelin’s Handbook of Chemistry’, page 486 (published by the Cavendish Society); but no definite cause of the movements seems to have been discovered. Herschel has, however, shown that the continuous movement of the supernatant liquid is unaffected by the approach of strong magnets, and that it is influenced by the chemical nature of the electrolyte; also that its direction is notably influenced by the presence of various metallic impurities in the mercury.

III. On the movements of liquid metals and electrolytes in the voltaic circuit