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Since the publication of Christiansen and Kramer’s theory of chain reactions* numerous researches have now established the main criteria by means of which such reactions may be recognised. These distinctive criteria describe, in a general manner, how the chains are propagated and terminated. In recent work on chain reactions in the gas phase, however, attention has to a large extent been directed to elucidating the mechanism of the initiation of the chains. This work has revealed a rather strange type of chemical reaction which is partly heterogeneous and partly homogeneous. The interpretation of the experiments, at present, suggests that the reaction is initiated at a surface, is then propagated through the gas phase and finally ends either in the gas phase or at a surface. For example, it has now been shown* that a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen which normally explodes in a hot quartz or porcelain vessel does not ignite when brought into a large vessel under conditions in which the hydrogen and oxygen do not have an opportunity of diffusing to the walls of the containing vessel. If a hot quartz or iron rod at the same temperature is introduced into the gas mixture explosion occurs. Similarly, a hot mixture of carbon disulphide vapour and oxygen may be ignited by introducing a glass rod at the same temperature into the gases. A third example of the initiation of reaction chains at a surface is given by the non-explosive oxidation of propane.

The oxidation of phosphorus vapour at low pressures in presence of platinum and tungsten