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Banded patterns consisting of alternating bare soil and dense vegetation havebeen observed in water-limited ecosystems across the globe, often appearingalong gently sloped terrain with the stripes aligned transverse to theelevation gradient. In many cases these vegetation bands are arced, with fieldobservations suggesting a link between the orientation of arcing relative tothe grade and the curvature of the underlying terrain. We modify the watertransport in the Klausmeier model of water-biomass interactions, originallyposed on a uniform hillslope, to qualitatively capture the influence of terraincurvature on the vegetation patterns. Numerical simulations of this modifiedmodel indicate that the vegetation bands change arcing-direction fromconvex-downslope when growing on top of a ridge to convex-upslope when growingin a valley. This behavior is consistent with observations from remote sensingdata that we present here. Model simulations show further that whether bandsgrow on ridges, valleys, or both depends on the precipitation level. A surveyof three banded vegetation sites, each with a different aridity level,indicates qualitatively similar behavior.

A topographic mechanism for arcing of dryland vegetation bands