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Collective phenomena, whereby agent-agent interactions determine spatialpatterns, are ubiquitous in the animal kingdom. On the other hand, movement andspace use are also greatly influenced by the interactions between animals andtheir environment. Despite both types of interaction fundamentally influencinganimal behaviour, there has hitherto been no unifying framework for the modelsproposed in both areas. Here, we construct a general method for inferringpopulation-level spatial patterns from underlying individual movement andinteraction processes, a key ingredient in building a statistical mechanics forecological systems. We show that resource selection functions, as well asseveral examples of collective motion models, arise as special cases of ourframework, thus bringing together resource selection analysis and collectiveanimal behaviour into a single theory. In particular, we focus on combining thevarious mechanistic models of territorial interactions in the literature withstep selection functions, by incorporate interactions into the step selectionframework and demonstrating how to derive territorial patterns from theresulting models. We demonstrate the efficacy of our model by application to apopulation of insectivore birds in the Amazon rainforest.

A unifying framework for quantifying the nature of animal interactions