English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

In many animals, rhythmic motor activity is governed by neural limit cycleoscillations under the control of sensory feedback. In the fruit fly Drosophilamelanogaster, the wingbeat rhythm is generated myogenically bystretch-activated muscles and hence independently from direct neural input. Inthis study, we explored if generation and cycle-by-cycle control ofDrosophila's wingbeat are functionally separated, or if the steering musclesinstead couple into the myogenic rhythm as a weak forcing of a limit cycleoscillator. We behaviourally tested tethered flying flies for characteristicproperties of limit cycle oscillators. To this end, we mechanically stimulatedthe fly's gyroscopic organs, the halteres, and determined the phaserelationship between the wing motion and stimulus. The flies synchronized withthe stimulus for specific ranges of stimulus amplitude and frequency, revealingthe characteristic Arnold tongues of a forced limit cycle oscillator. Rapidperiodic modulation of the wingbeat frequency prior to locking demonstrates theinvolvement of the fast steering muscles in the observed control of thewingbeat frequency. We propose that the mechanical forcing of a myogenic limitcycle oscillator permits flies to avoid the comparatively slow control based ona neural central pattern generator.

Limit-cycle-based control of the myogenic wingbeat rhythm in the fruit fly Drosophila