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Opioids disrupt sleep and adenosine promotes sleep, but no studies have characterized the effects of opioids on adenosine levels in brain regions known to regulate states of arousal. Delivering opioids to the pontine reticular formation (PRF) and substantia innominata (SI) region of the basal forebrain disrupts sleep. In contrast, administering adenosine agonists to the PRF or SI increases sleep. These findings encouraged the current study testing the hypothesis that microdialysis delivery of opioids to the PRF or SI decreases adenosine levels in the PRF or SI, respectively.

Opioid-induced Decreases in Rat Brain Adenosine Levels Are Reversed by Inhibiting Adenosine Deaminase