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The applicability of two reference tissue-based analyses without arterial blood sampling for the measurement of brain regional acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity using N-[ 11 C]methylpiperidin-4-yl propionate ([ 11 C]MP4P) was evaluated in 12 healthy subjects. One was a linear least squares analysis derived from Blomqvist's equation, and the other was the analysis of the ratio of target-tissue radioactivity relative to reference-tissue radioactivity proposed by Herholz and coworkers. The standard compartment analysis using arterial input function provided reliable quantification of k 3  (an index of AChE activity) estimates in regions with low (neocortex and hippocampus), moderate (thalamus), and high (cerebellum) AChE activity with a coefficient of variation (COV) of 12% to 19%. However, the precise k 3  value in the striatum, where AChE activity is the highest, was not obtained. The striatum was used as a reference because its time-radioactivity curve was proportional to the time integral of the arterial input function. Reliable k 3  estimates were also obtained in regions with low-to-moderate AChE activity with a COV of less than 21% by striatal reference analyses, though not obtained in the cerebellum. Shape analysis, the previous method of direct k 3  estimation from the shape of time-radioactivity data, gave k 3  estimates in the cortex and thalamus with a somewhat larger COV. In comparison with the standard analysis, a moderate overestimation of k 3  by 9% to 18% in the linear analysis and a moderate underestimation by 2% to 13% in the Herholz method were observed, which were appropriately explained by the results of computer simulation. In conclusion, simplified kinetic analyses are practical and useful for the routine analysis of clinical [ 11 C]MP4P studies and are nearly as effective as the standard analysis for detecting regions with abnormal AChE activity.

journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism

Evaluation of Simplified Kinetic Analyses for Measurement of Brain Acetylcholinesterase Activity Using <i>N</i>-[<sup>11</sup>C]Methylpiperidin-4-yl Propionate and Positron Emission Tomography

Evaluation of Simplified Kinetic Analyses for Measurement of Brain Acetylcholinesterase Activity Using N-[11C]Methylpiperidin-4-yl Propionate and Positron Emission Tomography

Evaluation of Simplified Kinetic Analyses for Measurement of Brain Acetylcholinesterase Activity Using N-[¹¹C]Methylpiperidin-4-yl Propionate and Positron Emission Tomography