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The impact of brain imaging on the assessment of tissue status is likely to increase with the advent of treatment methods for acute cerebral ischemia. Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrates potential for selecting stroke therapy patients by identifying the presence of acute ischemia, delineating the perfusion defect, and excluding hemorrhage. Yet, the identification of tissue subject to reversible or irreversible ischemia has proven to be difficult. Here, the authors show that T 1  relaxation time in the rotating frame, so-called T 1ρ , serves as a sensitive MRI indicator of cerebral ischemia in the rat. The T 1ρ  prolongs within minutes after a drop in the CBF of less than 22 mL 100 g −1  min −1 . Dependence of T 1ρ  on spin-lock amplitude, termed as T 1ρ  dispersion, increases by approximately 20% on middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion, comparable with the magnitude of diffusion reduction. The T 1ρ  dispersion change dynamically increases to be 38% ± 10% by the first 60 minutes of ischemia in the brain region destined to develop infarction. Following reperfusion after 45 minutes of MCA occlusion, the tissue with elevated T 1ρ  dispersion (yet normal diffusion) develops severe histologically verified neuronal damage; thus, the former parameter unveils an irreversible condition earlier than currently available MRI methods. The T 1ρ  dispersion as a novel MRI index of cerebral ischemia may be useful in determination of the therapeutic window for acute ischemic stroke.

Early Detection of Irreversible Cerebral Ischemia in the Rat Using Dispersion of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relaxation Time, T1ρ

Early Detection of Irreversible Cerebral Ischemia in the Rat Using Dispersion of the Magnetic Resonance Imaging Relaxation Time, T_1ρ