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Existing model-free approaches to determine cerebral blood flow by external residue detection show a marked dependence of flow estimates on tracer arrival delays and dispersion. In theory, this dependence can be circumvented by applying a specific model of vascular transport and tissue flow heterogeneity. The authors present a method to determine flow heterogeneity by magnetic resonance residue detection of a plasma marker. Probability density functions of relative flows measured in six healthy volunteers were similar among tissue types and volunteers, and were in qualitative agreement with literature measurements of capillary red blood cell and plasma velocities. Combining the measured flow distribution with a model of vascular transport yielded excellent model fits to experimental residue data. Fitted gray-to-white flow-rate ratios were in good agreement with PET literature values, as well as a model-free singular value decomposition (SVD) method in the same subjects. The vascular model was found somewhat sensitive to data noise, but showed far less dependence on vascular delay and dispersion than the model-free SVD approach.

Modeling Cerebral Blood Flow and Flow Heterogeneity from Magnetic Resonance Residue Data