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Inspiratory mechanical loads were applied to the airway continuously for 5 min in healthy young adult volunteers maintained in a near steady-state of halothane anesthesia 1.1 MAC. The loads, both flow resistive and elastic in nature, had been selected to reduce the first loaded tidal volume approximately 10, 30 or 50%--these being designated "small," "medium," and "large" loads, respectively. The actual magnitudes of resistive load were 8 +/- 1, 21 +/- 3, and 48 +/- 6 cmH2O X l-1 X s, and of elastic load 6 +/- 1, 18 +/- 1, and 41 +/- 5 cmH2O X l-1 (mean +/- SEM). All loads caused an immediate reduction of ventilation proportional to the size of the load. This was followed by a gradual recovery of ventilation toward control values over approximately 2 min and then nearly stable ventilation for the rest of the loading period. Respiratory frequency was unchanged throughout. At 5 min of loading, ventilation and PaCO2 had been nearly steady for 3 min and O2 uptake and CO2 output at the airway were unchanged from control, suggesting the establishment of a near steady respiratory state. With the small and medium loads of both types, ventilation and PaCO2 in this near steady-state were not detectably different from control. With the large loads, however, ventilation was significantly reduced and PaCO2 slightly increased. The end-expiratory position of the chest wall and the relative contributions of the rib cage and abdomen-diaphragm to ventilation, as estimated by anteroposterior chest wall magnetometers, were not consistently altered by any load.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ventilatory Compensation for Continuous Inspiratory Resistive and Elastic Loads during Halothane Anesthesia in Humans