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There is an increase in plasma concentrations of immunoreactive (ir) inhibin unaccompanied by a rise in plasma progesterone during early pregnancy in the marmoset monkey. We investigated the potential involvement of hCG and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in stimulating a selective increase in inhibin concentrations by measuring the production of ir-alpha-inhibin and progesterone by dispersed luteal cells cultured under serum-free conditions. After one day, hCG had no effect on progesterone production by the cells but stimulated a significant increase (p &lt; 0.05) in alpha-inhibin production. PGE2 significantly increased progesterone production (p &lt; 0.001) but inhibited the production of alpha-inhibin (p &lt; 0.001). After three days of culture, output of alpha-inhibin fell to low levels and no significant effect of hCG or PGE2 was detected. Progesterone also fell with time in culture, but hCG maintained production resulting in a significant increase above control levels (p &lt; 0.001). The addition of low density lipoproteins (LDL) to the culture medium increased progesterone production (p &lt; 0.001) while decreasing alpha-inhibin production (p &lt; 0.01). Immunoneutralization of endogenous alpha-inhibin resulted in a significant decrease in both basal (p &lt; 0.05) and gonadotropin-stimulated (p &lt; 0.05) progesterone concentrations. These results provide further evidence for differential control of progesterone and alpha-inhibin production by marmoset luteal cells and show that hCG can selectively stimulate alpha-inhibin production. In addition, alpha-inhibin may have a local paracrine action in the marmoset CL, enhancing both basal and gonadotropin-stimulated progesterone secretion.

biology of reproduction

Differential Control of Immunoreactive α-Inhibin and Progesterone Production by Marmoset Luteal Cells in Vitro: Evidence for a Paracrine Action of α-Inhibin on Basal and Gonadotropin-Stimulated Progesterone Production1