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Wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium) possesses a high level of resistance to barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) subgroup I and subgroup II strains. A wheat line (P29), in which the 7D chromosome has been substituted with a group 7 chromosome from T. intermedium, was examined for the level of resistance to two subgroup I and two subgroup II BYDV strains. In P29 plants inoculated with the subgroup I PAV strains, the titer of virus in leaf and stem tissue was typically reduced 42 to 52% when compared with the BYDV-susceptible cv. Abe. P29 and 'Abe' had the same content of PAV in roots. These results and the absence of detectable virus in inoculated T. intermedium plants indicate that the complete resistance to subgroup I possessed by the wheatgrass has not been introgressed into P29. In contrast, P29 was completely resistant throughout the plant to the subgroup II strains, NY-RPV and NY-RMV, demonstrating that the complete resistance to subgroup II in T. intermedium was incorporated into P29. Further analysis of this resistance to NY-RPV showed that NY-RPV can replicate in mesophyll protoplasts of P29 and 'Abe', suggesting that this resistance is not operating at the single-cell level. Molecular marker analysis confirmed that the T. intermedium chromosome present in P29 is a different group 7 wheatgrass chromosome than that present in L1, a wheat line with BYDV resistance properties similar to those of P29.

Characterization of Wheatgrass-Derived Barley Yellow Dwarf Virus Resistance in a Wheat Alien Chromosome Substitution Line