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Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) is a member of the Tobravirus genus of the Virgaviridae family. TRV has a broad host range including ornamental, vegetable, and weed hosts, and is transmitted mechanically and by nematodes in the genera Trichodorus and Paratrichodorus (4). Barrenwort (Epimedium sp.) is commonly used as a groundcover in shaded areas in temperate climates. In the spring of 2012 and 2013 (March-May), barrenwort samples exhibiting leaf mottle and mosaic symptoms (Fig. 1) were collected from mature plantings in the Chadwick Arboretum on the Columbus campus of The Ohio State University (Franklin County) and a botanical garden in Cincinnati (Hamilton County), respectively. The samples tested negative for viruses in the Potyvirus group, Alfalfa mosaic virus, Apple mosaic virus, Arabis mosaic virus, Broad bean wilt virus, Carnation latent virus, Carnation mottle virus, Carnation necrotic fleck virus, Carnation ringspot virus, Cowpea mosaic virus, Cucumber mosaic virus, Impatiens necrotic spot virus, Lily symptomless virus, Peanut stunt virus, Pelargonium flower break virus, Prunus necrotic ringspot virus, Tobacco etch virus, Tobacco mosaic virus, Tobacco ringspot virus, Tobacco streak virus, Tomato aspermy virus, Tomato bushy stunt virus, Tomato mosaic virus, Tomato ringspot virus, Tomato spotted wilt virus, and Watermelon mosaic virus by ELISA using commercially available antibodies (Agdia Inc., Elkhart, IN). Viral double-stranded (ds) RNA was purified from symptomatic tissue and used as a template for cDNA synthesis (1,7) or, alternatively, total RNA was extracted (RNAeasy Plant Mini Kit, Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and used as a template for cDNA synthesis. Tobravirus (Tobra) group and TRV-specific primers targeted at regions in the 194K RNA polymerase gene on RNA 1 of the TRV genome were used for PCR amplification (1,3). Both primer pairs amplified single distinct products of expected size (Fig. 2) with the sample cDNAs from both geographical locations. The amplicon DNA was purified from the agarose, ligated into pGEM-T vector, and transformed into E. coli JM109 cells (Promega Inc., Madison, WI). Clones were screened for an insert by PCR using M13 sequencing primers, and subsequently plasmid DNA was purified from positive colonies as previously described (2). Three each of the Tobra group and TRV-specific amplicon clones from the Columbus site, and four each of the Tobra group and TRV-specific amplicon clones from the Cincinnati site were sequenced (Plant Microbe Genomics Facility, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.). Vector was trimmed from raw sequences (Chromas v. 2.33, Technelysium Pty Ltd., South Brisbane, Australia), contigs were assembled, and pairwise and multiple sequence alignments were performed (Vector NTI

Tobacco rattle virusis Detected in Established Landscape Plantings ofEpimediumsp. in Ohio