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The federally regulated pathogen Phytophthora ramorum (Werres, de Cock & Man in’t Veld) attacks many plant species important to the nursery industry and to the natural environment (7). In 2003, this pathogen was reported for the first time infecting plants in a nursery in the United States (3) (Fig. 1). Despite a strong regulatory response, P. ramorum was reported infecting plants in a large, wholesale nursery in 2004 (1). Because of this and similar nursery detections on the West Coast, the USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) adopted a federal order requiring all West Coast (California, Oregon, and Washington) nursery stock to be inspected and, if necessary, tested for P. ramorum prior to export (6). The plants must be tested using a diagnostic protocol validated by USDA-APHIS. First, the plants are screened for the presence of a Phytophthora species by a commercial DAS-ELISA kit. The samples confirmed as positive by DAS-ELISA are then tested for P. ramorum using the species-specific methods of pathogen isolation onto the selective medium PARP (culture plating) (5) and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (2,4). This paper presents a comparison of these diagnostic methods for the detection of P. ramorum in Rhododendron (L.) nursery stock.

Comparing Diagnostic Protocols for Phytophthora ramorum in Rhododendron Leaves