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During the last few decades, white oak (Quercus alba L.) in the north central region have developed malformed spring leaves often called "leaf tatters". The symptoms begin with the death of some interveinal leaf tissues, eventually leaving only the main leaf veins with little interveinal tissues present (Fig. 1). Leaf tatters reduces the overall canopy of trees, making them more susceptible to other stresses. Leaf tatters has been reported in Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin. In the landscape, tatters has been observed only on white oak and related white oak species. Red oak (Quercus rubra L.) does not seem to be affected by tatters (J. E. Appleby, personal observations). Winter injury, frost, insect attack, and herbicide drift were all thought to be possible causes of leaf tatters. We hypothesized that leaf tatters on white oak was due to herbicide drift from herbicide applications onto corn and soybean fields.

Abnormal Leaf Development on White Oaks Linked to Drift of Chloroacetamide Herbicides