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Understory plants in tropical forests often experience a low-light environment combined with high CO 2  concentration. We hypothesized that the high CO 2  concentration may compensate for leaf carbon loss caused by the low light, through increasing light-use efficiency of both steady-state and dynamic photosynthetic properties. To test the hypothesis, we examined CO 2  gas exchange in response to an artificial lightfleck in  Dipterocarpus sublamellatus  Foxw. seedlings under contrasting CO 2  conditions: 350 and 700 μmol CO 2  mol −1  air in a tropical rain forest, Pasoh, Malaysia. Total photosynthetic carbon gain from the lightfleck was about double when subjected to the high CO 2  when compared with the low CO 2  concentration. The increase of light-use efficiency in dynamic photosynthesis contributed 7% of the increased carbon gain, most of which was due to reduction of photosynthetic induction to light increase under the high CO 2 . The light compensation point of photosynthesis decreased by 58% and the apparent quantum yield increased by 26% at the high CO 2  compared with those at the low CO 2 . The study suggests that high CO 2  increases photosynthetic light-use efficiency under both steady-state and fluctuating light conditions, which should be considered in assessing the leaf carbon gain of understory plants in low-light environments.

tree physiology

High CO 2  concentration increases relative leaf carbon gain under dynamic light in  Dipterocarpus sublamellatus  seedlings in a tropical rain forest, Malaysia