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Establishing quantitative links between plant hydraulic properties and the response of transpiration to environmental factors such as atmospheric vapor pressure deficit ( D ) is essential for improving our ability to understand plant water relations across a wide range of species and environmental conditions. We studied stomatal responses to  D  in irrigated trees in the urban landscape of Los Angeles, California. We found a strong linear relationship between the sensitivity of tree-level transpiration estimated from sap flux ( m  T ; slope of the relationship between tree transpiration and ln  D ) and transpiration at  D  = 1 kPa ( E  Tref ) that was similar to previous surveys of stomatal behavior in natural environments. In addition,  m  T  was significantly related to vulnerability to cavitation of branches ( P  50 ). While  m  T  did not appear to differ between ring- and diffuse-porous species, the relationship between  m  T  and  P  50  was distinct by wood anatomy. Therefore, our study confirms systematic differences in water relations in ring- versus diffuse-porous species, but these differences appear to be more strongly related to the relationship between stomatal sensitivity to  D  and vulnerability to cavitation rather than to stomatal sensitivity per se.

Transpiration sensitivity of urban trees in a semi-arid climate is constrained by xylem vulnerability to cavitation