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Seasonal fluctuations in leaf gas exchange parameters were investigated in three evergreen ( Quercus glauca  Thunb.,  Cinnamomum camphora  Sieb. and  Castanopsis cuspidata  Schottky) and one deciduous ( Quercus serrata  Thunb.) co-occurring, dominant tree species in a temperate broad-leaved forest. Dark respiration rate ( R  n ), maximum carboxylation rate ( V  cmax ) and stomatal coefficient ( m ), the ratio of stomatal conductance to net assimilation rate after adjustment to the vapor pressure deficit and internal carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentration, were derived inversely from instantaneous field gas exchange data (one-point method). The normalized values of  R  n  and  V  cmax  at the reference temperature of 25 °C ( R  n25 ,  V  cmax25 ) and their temperature dependencies (Δ H  a ( R  n ), Δ H  a ( V  cmax )) were analyzed. Parameter  V  cmax25  ranged from 24.0–40.3 μmol m −2  s −1  and Δ H  a ( V  cmax ) ranged from 29.1–67.0 kJ mol −1 . Parameter  R  n25  ranged from 0.6–1.4 μmol m −2  s −1  and Δ H  a ( R  n ) ranged from 47.4–95.4 kJ mol −1 . The stomatal coefficient ranged from 7.2–8.2. For the three evergreen trees, a single set of  V  cmax25  and  R  n25  parameters and temperature dependence curves produced satisfactory estimates of carbon uptake throughout the year, except during the period of simultaneous leaf fall and leaf expansion, which occurs in April and May. In the deciduous oak, declines in  V  cmax25  were observed after summer, along with changes in  V  cmax25  and  R  n25  during the leaf expansion period. In all species, variation in  m  during periods of leaf expansion and drought should be considered in modeling studies. We conclude that the changes in normalized gas exchange parameters during periods of leaf expansion and drought need to be considered when modeling carbon uptake of evergreen broad-leaved species.

tree physiology

Seasonal fluctuations and temperature dependence of leaf gas exchange parameters of co-occurring evergreen and deciduous trees in a temperate broad-leaved forest