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To determine the effects of salinity on relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate on a leaf weight basis (NAR w ), leaf weight ratio (LWR), and nutrient uptake and utilization of citrus, we grew four citrus rootstocks (sour orange,  Cleopatra mandarin ,  Carrizo citrange  and  Citrus macrophylla ) in nutrient solutions containing 0, 10, 20, 40 or 80 mM NaCl for 20, 40 or 60 days. For each element analyzed, specific absorption rate (SAR) and specific utilization rate on a leaf basis (SUR L ) were calculated for the period between Days 40 and 60. Relative growth rate decreased with time for all treatments and rootstocks. Salt treatment significantly reduced both RGR and NAR w , whereas LWR showed no definite trend. In all rootstocks, NAR w , but not LWR, was significantly correlated with RGR, indicating that NAR w  was an important factor underlying the salinity-induced differences in RGR among the citrus rootstocks. At Day 60, salinity had a significant effect on leaf concentrations of Cl, Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Mn and Zn and on the SAR and SUR L  of most elements. In general, RGR was correlated with SAR and SUR L . Therefore, in addition to osmotic effects and the inhibitory effects of high concentrations of Cl −  and Na + , an imbalance of essential nutrients may also contribute to the reduction in plant growth under saline conditions.

Citrus response to salinity: growth and nutrient uptake