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We investigated effects of water stress and external abscisic acid (ABA) supply on shoot growth, stomatal conductance and water status in 1-year-old cuttings of a drought-sensitive poplar genotype  Populus  ×  euramericana  cv. I-214 (Italica) and a drought-tolerant genotype  P. ‘popularis  35-44’ (popularis).  Populus popularis  was more productive and maintained higher leaf water potentials throughout the drought treatment than cv. Italica. Supply of ABA to the xylem sap caused a greater decline in growth and more leaf abscission in shoots of cv. Italica than in shoots of  P. popularis . Immediately after initiation of the drought treatment in  P. popularis , the ABA concentration ([ABA]) of the xylem increased rapidly and stomatal conductance declined; however, stomatal conductance had returned to control values by the third day of the drought treatment, coincident with a gradual decline in xylem [ABA]. In contrast, xylem [ABA] of cv. Italica initially increased more slowly than that of  P. popularis  in response to the drought treatment, but the increase continued for 3 days at which time a tenfold increase in xylem [ABA] was observed that was followed by abscission of more than 40% of the leaves. We conclude that sensitivity of poplar roots to variation in soil water content varies by clone and that a rapid short-term accumulation of ABA in shoots in response to water stress may contribute to drought tolerance.

Genotypic variation in drought tolerance of poplar in relation to abscisic acid