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Increasingly , p ine plantat ions worldwide are grown using early control o f woodv and/or herbaceous vegetat ion. Assuredsustainablepract ices require long-term data on pine plantat ion development detailing patterns and processes to understand both crop-competition dynamics and the role of stand participants in providing multiple attributes such as biodiversity conservation and wildlife habitat. This study examined loblol ly pine (Pinus taeda L.) p lantat ions across 13 southeastern s i tes grown for I.5 yr wi th nearcomplete control o f woody, herbaceous, and woody plus herbaceous components during the ,first 3-5 yr compared to noplantcontrol . This mult iple object iveexperiment ( the COMProject) documents standdynamics at the extreme corners o f a response surface that encompasses most condi t ions o f woodv and herbaceous compet i t ion common to pine plantat ions in the region. This i s the,first oftwo companion reports . Af ter 15yr, patterns of stand development remained significantly altered by early control treatments and were injluenced most by the amounts qf hardwoods and shrubs present or control led. Herbaceous components were more similar across the region. Associatedplants in theseplantations included 68species oftrees, 33species/genera of shrubs, and 140 genera of herbaceous and semiwoodvplants, woody1 vines, clubmoss, and ground lichen241 total taxa or an estimated 490 total species-more richness than previously reported or assumed. Hardwood roots tock numbers were on average maintained at fair ly constant levels from yr I-15 when not control led, wi th no in i t ia l lag phase evident for reestabl ishment , indicat ing prior s tand origin . Dynamics o f associated vegetat ion were signtjicantly al tered wi th woody control in i t ia l ly increasing herbaceous cover , while herbaceous control increased hardwood cover and decreased shrub cover. After early herbaceous control , hardwood base1 area (BA) was increased by an average qf 28%. Af ter rapid early co loniza t ion , herbaceousplants began to decl ine on al l treatments aboutyr 8 aspine and/or hardwood canopy cover reached a to ta l o f N-60%, while woody vines continued to increase. By age 15, plant component r ichness remained signtficantly changed by early treatments at al l locat ions, most notablvfewer tree species af ter early woody control . South. J. Appl. For. 27(4):00-00.

southern journal of applied forestry

Stand Dynamics and Plant Associates of Loblolly Pine Plantations to Midrotation after Early Intensive Vegetation Management—A Southeastern United States Regional Study