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The aim was to improve single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) quality for sparsely acquired  111 In projections by adding deep learning generated synthetic intermediate projections (SIPs).  Method:  The recently constructed deep convolutional network for generating synthetic intermediate projections (CUSIP) was used for improving 20 sparsely acquired  111 In-octreotide SPECTs. Reconstruction was performed with 120 (120P) or 30 (30P) projections, or 120 projections with 90 SIPs generated from 30 projections (30–120SIP). The SPECT reconstructions were performed with attenuation, scatter and collimator response corrections. Postfiltered 30P reconstructed SPECT was also analyzed. Image quality were quantitatively evaluated with root-mean-square error, peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity index metrics.  Result:  The 30–120SIP reconstructed SPECT had statistically significant improved image quality parameters compared to 30P reconstructed SPECT with and without post filtering. The images visual appearance was similar to slightly filtered 120P SPECTs. Thereby, substantial acquisition time reduction with SIPs seems possible without image quality degradation.

IMPROVEMENTS OF 111 IN SPECT IMAGES RECONSTRUCTED WITH SPARSELY ACQUIRED PROJECTIONS BY DEEP LEARNING GENERATED SYNTHETIC PROJECTIONS