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In this paper, the interaction of free-stream acoustic waves with the leading edge of an aerodynamic body is investigated and two different methods for analysing this interaction are considered. Results are compared for a method which incorporates Orr–Sommerfeld calculations using the parabolized stability equation to those of direct numerical simulations. By comparing the streamwise amplitude of the Tollmien–Schlichting wave, it is found that non-modal components of the boundary layer response to an acoustic wave can persist some distance downstream of the lower branch. The effect of nose curvature on the persisting non-modal eigenmodes is also considered, with a larger nose radius allowing the non-modal eigenmodes to persist farther downstream

quarterly journal of mechanics and applied mathematics

Tollmien-schlichting wave amplitudes on a semi-infinite flat plate and a parabolic body: comparison of a parabolized stability equation method and direct numerical simulations