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The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory ScientificCollaboration and Virgo Collaboration (LVC) sent out 56 gravitational-wave (GW)notices during the third observing run (O3). Japanese collaboration forGravitational wave ElectroMagnetic follow-up (J-GEM) performed optical andnear-infrared observations to identify and observe an electromagnetic (EM)counterpart. We constructed web-based system which enabled us to obtain andshare information of candidate host galaxies for the counterpart, and status ofour observations. Candidate host galaxies were selected from the GLADE catalogwith a weight based on the three-dimensional GW localization map provided byLVC. We conducted galaxy-targeted and wide-field blind surveys, real-time dataanalysis, and visual inspection of observed galaxies. We performedgalaxy-targeted follow-ups to 23 GW events during O3, and the maximumprobability covered by our observations reached to 9.8%. Among them, wesuccessfully started observations for 10 GW events within 0.5 days after thedetection. This result demonstrates that our follow-up observation has apotential to constrain EM radiation models for a merger of binary neutron starsat a distance of up to $\sim$100~Mpc with a probability area of $\leq$500~deg$^2$.

J-GEM optical and near-infrared follow-up of gravitational wave events during LIGO's and Virgo's third observing run