The C-terminal domains of gammaS-crystallin pair about a distorted twofold axis

The 2-domain gammaS-crystallin, a highly conserved early evolutionary off-shoot of the gamma-crystallin family, is located in the water-rich region of eye lenses. The expressed C-terminal domain, gammaS-C, has been crystallized and the 2.56 A X-ray structure determined. There are two domains in the asymmetric unit which pair about a distorted twofold axis. One of the domains has an altered conformation in a highly conserved region of the protein, the tyrosine corner. The distorted gammaS-C dimer of domains is compared with the highly symmetrical, equivalent recombinant dimer of C-terminal domains from gammaB-crystallin. Sequence changes close to the interface, that distinguish gammaS from the other gamma-crystallins, are examined in order to evaluate their role in symmetrical domain pairing.