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The feeding ecology of larvae of the lightfish  Maurolicus parvipinnis  (Pisces: Sternoptychidae, 2.8–13.4 mm) in fjords and channels of southern Chile (41°–53°S), was analysed during austral spring 2005, 2008 and 2009. Larvae of  M. parvipinnis  begin external feeding at ∼3-mm body length (BL). They are carnivorous predators with similar feeding incidence during day and nighttime, but with higher prey numbers in their guts during day than night. Feeding incidence increased after 8-mm BL, coinciding with an increase in the growth rate of the upper jaw length. The diet of  M. parvipinnis  larvae was composed of 22 different prey items, mainly invertebrate eggs, nauplii, calanoid, cyclopoid and poecilostomatoid copepodites, ostracods, cladocerans and amphipods. According to the relative importance index [%index of relative importance (IRI)], the most important prey items were  Paracalanus parvus  copepodites (%IRI = 55.6%),  Oithona  spp. copepodites (%IRI = 16.3%) and copepod eggs (%IRI = 9.2%), indicating that most of the feeding is on copepod early life stages. Trophic niche breadth was ∼0.17 and it did not increase with larval length, suggesting that larval  M. parvipinnis  have a high degree of selective foraging. Also, we detected a significant relation between feeding success and vertical stratification of the water column, with higher prey volume per gut found in larvae collected in areas with a Brunt-Väissälä frequency of 0.07–0.2 cycles s −1 . We discuss potential effects of the fjord environment on the feeding behavior of this important species along Chilean Patagonia.

Feeding habits of larval Maurolicus parvipinnis (Pisces: Sternoptychidae) in Patagonian fjords