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Cyanobacteria are known for being inadequate as a food source for zooplankton, whether by their toxicity, large size, lack of essential compounds or due to feeding inhibitors. In eutrophic systems, however, higher abundance of rotifers is often observed with higher abundance of cyanobacteria, which indicates that not all cyanobacteria inhibit rotifer growth. We therefore hypothesized that the worldwide expanding cyanobacterium  Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii  is less harmful to the rotifer  Brachionus calicyflorus  than the worldwide occurring cyanobacterium  Microcystis aeruginosa,  based on the literature and field observations.  Brachionus  was exposed to  Microcystis  and  Cylindrospermopsis  in 2-day life-cycle assays in which multiple broods are produced and F1 generation can also reproduce. Use of different mixtures with a good food source (green alga) investigated potential nutritional inadequacy, and the influence of morphology or taste was tested in short-term grazing assays. Results showed that  Brachionus  was capable of ingesting both  Cylindrospermopsis  and  Microcystis . Similar rates of ingestion of both cyanobacteria were observed, although diets consisting only of  Microcystis  did not support growth, whereas growth was supported by diets consisting only of  Cylindrospermopsis . Mixing both cyanobacteria with the green alga also supported  Brachionus  growth, despite the toxins. Results corroborated our hypothesis that  Cylindrospermopsis  is less harmful to  Brachionus  than  Microcystis . Moreover, it is in agreement with observations from a eutrophic tropical reservoir, where the zooplankton community (mainly abundance of rotifers) decreased during  Microcystis  blooms, whereas a diverse zooplankton community was established during periods of  Cylindrospermopsis  dominance.

journal of plankton research

Responses of the rotifer  Brachionus calyciflorus  to two tropical toxic cyanobacteria ( Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii  and  Microcystis aeruginosa ) in pure and mixed diets with green algae