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We present results of the clustering analysis between active galactic nuclei(AGNs) and galaxies at redshift 0.1-1.0 for investigating properties ofgalaxies associated with the AGNs, revealing the nature of fueling mechanism ofsupermassive black holes (SMBHs). We used 8059 SDSS AGNs/QSOs for which virialmasses of individual SMBHs were measured, and divided them into four massgroups. Cross-correlation analysis was performed and bias for each mass groupwas derived. The averaged color and luminosity distributions of galaxies aroundthe AGNs/QSOs were also derived for each mass group. The galaxy color wasestimated for SED constructed from a merged SDSS and UKIDSS catalog. Thedistributions of color and luminosity were derived by the subtraction method,which does not require redshift information of galaxies. The main results ofthis work are: (1) a bias increases by a factor two from the lower mass groupto the highest mass group; (2) the environment around AGNs with the mostmassive SMBH (Mbh > 10^9 Msun) is dominated by red sequence galaxies; (3)marginal indication of decline in luminosity function at dimmer side of M >-19.5 mag is found for galaxies around AGNs with Mbh = 10^8.2 - 10^9 Msun andnearest redshift group (z=0.1-0.3). These results indicate that AGNs with themost massive SMBHs reside in haloes where large fraction of galaxies have beentransited to the red sequence. The accretion of hot halo gas as well asrecycled gas from evolving stars can be the most plausible mechanism to fuelthe SMBHs above ~10^9 Msun.

Properties of Galaxies around AGNs with Most Massive Supermassive Black Hole Revealed by the Clustering Analysis