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Historical records of total solar eclipses provide vital information forcomputing the rotation of the Earth and understanding its long-term variationsby providing data from the time before the modern measurements. While eclipsesrecorded around Eurasia and North Africa for millennia have been subjected toconsideration in this context, eclipse records in the American continents havereceived little attention. In this study, we analysed the solitaryobservational record for a solar eclipse conducted by the ancient Maya on 16July 790 in Julian calendar, recorded on the Stela 3 of Santa Elena Poco Uinic(N16{\deg}35', W91{\deg}44'). This stela has an eclipse glyph and is associatedwith a total solar eclipse. Taking the up-to-date Earth rotation ({\Delta}T)rate into account, our calculations locate this site slightly out of thetotality path. The visibility of the total solar eclipse from Santa Elena PocoUinic would require {\Delta}T: 4074 s < {\Delta}T < 4873 s. In comparison withthe contemporary eclipse records, this yields a short-term increase in{\Delta}T >= 800 s between 761 and 790 and a decrease in {\Delta}T >= 300 still to 873. Therefore, the total solar eclipse on 16 July 790 cannot beexpected to have been visible from Santa Elena Poco Uinic, unlike what has beenpreviously considered. We conclude that this stela probably records a partialsolar eclipse of great magnitude (~ 0.946) visible under favourablemeteorological conditions or is based on hearsay from the southern coastalarea.

Analyses of a Datable Solar Eclipse Record in Maya Classic Period Monumental Inscriptions