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In this decade, GeV/TeV gamma-ray observations of several supernova remnants(SNRs) have implied that accelerated particles are escaping from theiracceleration sites. However, when and how they escape from the SNR vicinitiesare yet to be understood. Recent studies have suggested that the particleescape might develop with thermal plasma ages of the SNRs. In this paper, wepresent a systematic study on time evolution of particle escape using thermalX-ray properties and gamma-ray spectra.  We used 38 SNRs which associate with GeV/TeV gamma-ray emissions. Weconducted spectral fittings on the gamma-ray spectra using exponential cutoffpower law and broken power law models to estimate the exponential cutoff or thebreak energies, both of which are indicators of particle escape. The plots ofthe gamma-ray cutoff/break energies over the plasma ages show similartendencies to those predicted by simple theories of the particle escape underconditions in which a shock is interacting with thin interstellar medium orclouds. The particle escape timescale is estimated as $\sim$100 kyr fromdecreasing trends of the total energy of the confined protons with the plasmaage. The large dispersions of the cutoff/break energies of the data may suggestan intrinsic variety of particle escape environments. This might be the causeof the complicated Galactic cosmic-ray spectral shape measured on Earth.

Study on the escape timescale of high-energy particles from supernova remnants through thermal X-ray properties