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Large-scale homogeneous surveys of Galactic stars may indicate that theelemental abundance gradient evolves with cosmic time, a phenomenon that wasnot foreseen in existing models of Galactic chemical evolution (GCE). If thephenomenon is confirmed in future studies, we show that this effect, at leastin part, is due to large-scale winds that once enriched the disk. These set upthe steep abundance gradient in the inner disk (R <14 kpc). At the close of thewind phase, chemical enrichment through accretion of metal-poor material fromthe halo onto the disk gradually reduced the metallicity of the inner region,whereas a slow increase in the metallicity proceeded beyond the solar circle.Our "wind+infall" model accounts for flattening of the abundance gradient inthe inner disk, in good agreement with observations. Accordingly, we proposethat enrichment by large-scale winds is a crucial factor for chemical evolutionin the disk. We anticipate that rapid flattening of the abundance gradient isthe hallmarks of disk galaxies with significant central bulges.

Evidence of Early Enrichment of the Galactic Disk by Large-Scale Winds